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Definitions of French and Raven’s Six Bases of Social Power46 and their relationship in healthcare.

Definitions of French and Raven’s Six Bases of Social Power
Six Power BasesDefinition of the Power BasesPower Relationship in Healthcare
InformationalPower based on the ability to persuade or provide information to allow someone to make a decisionClinicians as the source of information for patient care and patient-made decisions
ExpertPower based on one’s knowledge and/or experienceClinicians as holders of specialized knowledge and experience regardless of position
ReferentPower based on people’s sense of identification or desire for identification with the influencing personClinicians as mentors, exemplars and confidants
LegitimatePower based on one’s formal position within an organization, reciprocity for favors performed, equity for suffering incurred, or dependence on someone else for helpClinicians with legal authority to order and plan care, but not with organizational authority over other healthcare providers
Reward/CoercivePower based on the ability to provide acceptance, approval or tangible rewards
Power based on the ability to provide rejection, disapproval or threats
Clinicians as benefactors of respect and positive recognition
Clinicians as detractors to co-workers, or impediments to ideas or practice