What is Ottawa Charter?
References http://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/ https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/servicesandsupport/ottawa-charter-for-health-promotion?viewAsPdf=true https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/servicesandsupport/ottawa-charter-for-health-promotion http://nccdh.ca/resources/entry/ottawa-charter-for-health-promotion https://www.pdhpe.net/health-priorities-in-australia/what-actions-are-needed-to-address-australias-health-priorities/health-promotion-based-on-the-five-action-areas-of-the-ottawa-charter/the-ottawa-charter-in-action/ http://www.hauora.co.nz/ottawa-charter.html https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22164545 https://www.slideshare.net/kiwes8/health-studies-2-11475055 http://doc.hubsante.org/doc_num.php?explnum_id=1984 http://eurohealthnet.eu/media/promoting-health-and-wellbeing-towards-2030-taking-ottawa-charter-forward-context-un https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article/26/suppl_2/ii194/579700/Health-promotion-the-Ottawa-Charter-and-developing https://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/media-and-resources/vce-resources/defining-health-promotion http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199756797/obo-9780199756797-0070.xml https://www.med.uottawa.ca/sim/data/Models/Ottawa_Charter.htm http://eurohealthnet.eu/media/ottawa-charter-health-promotion-celebrates-its-25th-anniversary
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The most well-known definition of health promotion is that of the World Health Organization’s Ottawa Charter (1986): Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health (the full definition is provided on the WHO website). This definition was slightly modified in 2005, in WHO’s Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalised World to: Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health. WHO has produced seven consensus documents on health promotion, the latest in 2009 in Nairobi. For more information on these, go to Milestones in health promotion and the 7th Global Conference on Health Promotion. Models of health promotionWhile the definition of health promotion has been universally adopted, there have been a number of different approaches to promoting health. Over the past 30 years, three key models of health have influenced health promotion. The biomedical model of health (pre-1970s):
The social model of health (from 1970s onwards):
The ecological model of health (from late 1970s onwards):
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