The iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones that were designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the ninth generation of the iPhone. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus on September 7, 2016[19] and were discontinued with the announcement of the iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, and iPhone XR on September 12, 2018.
iPhone 6S in Rose Gold
September 25, 2015
October 9, 2015
October 10, 2015
October 16, 2015
October 23, 2015
October 30, 2015
November 6, 2015
November 13, 2015
March 31, 2017
September 12, 2018 (2018-09-12) (32 and 128 GB)Units sold13 million in launch weekendPredecessoriPhone 6 / iPhone 6 PlusSuccessoriPhone 7 / iPhone 7 PlusRelatediPhone SE (1st generation)Type6S: Smartphone 6S Plus: PhabletForm factorSlateDimensions6S: 138.3 mm (5.44 in) H 67.1 mm (2.64 in) W 7.1 mm (0.28 in) D 6S Plus: 158.2 mm (6.23 in) H 77.9 mm (3.07 in) W 7.3 mm (0.29 in) DMass6S: 143 g (5.0 oz) 6S Plus: 192 g (6.8 oz)Operating systemOriginal: iOS 9.0.1 Current: iOS 15.4, released March 14, 2022System on chipApple A9CPU1.85 GHz dual-core 64-bit ARMv8-A[3][4] "Twister"GPUPowerVR GT7600 (hexa-core)[5][6]Memory2 GB LPDDR4 RAM[7][8]Storage16, 32, 64, or 128 GB TLC NAND connected via NVMe[9]Battery6S: 3.82 V 6.55 W·h (1715 mA·h) Li-Po[8][10][11] 150 min charge time for an average of 8 h 15 min use[12] 6S Plus: 3.8 V 10.45 W·h (2750 mA·h) Li-Po[13] 165 min charge time for an average of 9 h 11 min use[14]Display6S: 4.7 in (120 mm) Retina HD, LED-backlit IPS LCD, 1334 × 750 pixel resolution (326 ppi) with Dual Ion Exchange strengthened glass and 3D Touch 6S Plus: 5.5 in (140 mm) Retina HD, LED-backlit IPS LCD, 1920 × 1080 pixel resolution (401 ppi), 500 cd/m2 max. brightness (typical), with Dual Ion Exchange strengthened glass and 3D TouchRear cameraSony Exmor RS IMX315 12 MP (1.22 μm), true-tone flash, autofocus, IR filter, burst mode, f/2.2 aperture, 4K video recording at 30 fps or 1080p at 30 or 60 fps, slow-motion video (1080p at 120 fps and 720p at 240 fps), timelapse with stabilization, panorama (up to 63 megapixels), face detection, digital image stabilization, optical image stabilization (6S Plus only)Front camera5 MP, burst mode, f/2.2 aperture, exposure control, face detection, auto-HDR, 720p HD video recording, Retina flashSoundMono speaker, 3.5 mm stereo audio jackConnectivity
All models:
Models A1633 and A1634:
6S[16]
6S Plus[17]
The iPhone 6S has a similar design to the iPhone 6 but includes updated hardware, including a strengthened 7000 series aluminium alloy chassis and upgraded Apple A9 system-on-chip, a new 12-megapixel rear camera that can record up to 4K video at 30fps at first in the series, can take dynamic "Live Photos", the first increase in front camera photo resolution since the 2012 iPhone 5, and also features for the first time front facing "Retina Flash" which brightens up the display three times of its highest possible brightness for selfies, 2nd generation Touch ID fingerprint recognition sensor, LTE Advanced support, and "Hey Siri" capabilities without needing to be plugged in. The iPhone 6S also introduces a new hardware feature known as "3D Touch", which enables pressure-sensitive touch inputs. The iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus are also the first smartphones to use the fastest high end flash storage NVM Express (NVMe). The 6S and 6S Plus, alongside the 1st generation SE, are the only iPhones to be supported through seven major versions of iOS, from iOS 9 to iOS 15. The iPhone 6S had a generally positive reception. While performance and camera quality were praised by most reviewers, the addition of 3D Touch was liked by one critic for the potential of entirely new interface interactions, but disliked by another critic for not providing users with an expected intuitive response before actually using the feature. The battery life was criticized, and one reviewer asserted that the phone's camera was not significantly better than the rest of the industry. The iPhone 6S set a new first-weekend sales record, selling 13 million models, up from 10 million for the iPhone 6 in the previous year. However, Apple saw its first-ever quarterly year-over-year decline in iPhone sales in the months after the launch, credited to a saturated smartphone market in Apple's biggest countries and a lack of iPhone purchases in developing countries. Before the official unveiling, several aspects of the iPhone 6S were rumored, including the base model having 16 gigabytes of storage,[20][21] the pressure-sensitive display technology known as 3D Touch,[22][23] and a new rose gold color option.[24] iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus were officially unveiled on September 9, 2015, during a press event at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco. Pre-orders began September 12, with the official release on September 25.[25][26] On September 7, 2016, Apple announced the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus as successors to the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus, although they continued to be sold at a reduced price point as entry-level options in the iPhone lineup.[27][28] On March 31, 2017, the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were released in Indonesia alongside the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus, following Apple's research and development investment in the country.[29][30] The iPhone 6S, iPhone 6S Plus, and first-generation iPhone SE were the last iPhone models to feature a standard 3.5 mm stereo headphone jack, and were discontinued on September 12, 2018 with the release of the iPhone XR.[31]
The iPhone 6S is nearly identical in design to the iPhone 6. In response to the "bendgate" design flaws of the previous model, changes were made to improve the durability of the chassis: the 6S was constructed from a stronger, 7000 series aluminum alloy,[32] "key points" in the rear casing were strengthened and reinforced, and touchscreen integrated circuits were re-located to the display assembly.[32] Alongside the existing gold, silver, and space gray options, a new rose gold color option was also introduced.[33] ChipsetsThe iPhone 6S is powered by the Apple A9 system-on-chip, which the company stated is up to 70% faster than Apple A8, and has up to 90% better graphics performance.[33] The iPhone 6S has 2 GiB of RAM, twice as much as any previous iPhone,[7] and also supports LTE Advanced.[32] The Touch ID sensor on the 6S was also updated, with the new version having improved fingerprint scanning performance over the previous version.[34] BatteriesWhile the capacities of their non-user-replaceable batteries are slightly smaller (1715 mAh and 2750 mAh respectively), Apple rates the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus as having the same average battery life as their respective predecessors (1810 mAh and 2906 mAh).[35] The A9 system-on-chip was dual-sourced from TSMC and Samsung. Although it was speculated that the Samsung version had worse battery performance than the TSMC version, multiple independent tests have shown there is no appreciable difference between the two chips.[36][37] Although the device was not promoted as such, the iPhone 6S has a degree of water resistance because of a change to its internal design, which places a silicone seal around components of the logic board and an adhesive gasket around the display assembly[38] to prevent them from being shorted by accidental exposure to water.[39] DisplaysTheir displays are the same sizes as those of the iPhone 6, coming in 4.7-inch 750p and 5.5-inch 1080p (Plus) sizes. The iPhone 6S features a technology known as 3D Touch; sensors are embedded in the screen's backlight layer that measure the firmness of the user's touch input by the distance between it and the cover glass, allowing the device to distinguish between normal and more forceful presses. 3D Touch is combined with a Taptic Engine vibrator to provide associated haptic feedback.[40] Although similar, this is distinct from the Force Touch technology used on the Apple Watch and the trackpad of the Retina MacBook, as it is more sensitive and can recognize more levels of touch pressure than Force Touch.[41][42] Due to the hardware needed to implement 3D Touch, the iPhone 6S is heavier than its predecessor.[43] CamerasThe iPhone 6S and 6S Plus feature a 12-megapixel (4032×3024 pixels[44]) rear-facing camera, an upgrade from the 8-megapixel (3264×2448) unit on previous models, as well as a 5-megapixel front-facing camera, compared to 1.3 megapixels of the iPhone 5, iPhone 5s, iPhone 6, 6 Plus and iPhone SE. Their rear camera can record 4K video (3840×2160p) for the first time on an iPhone, as well as FullHD (1920×1080p) video at 30, 60 and now 120 frames per second, the latter also for the first time on an iPhone.[45][46] The camera was well received by many critics of the phone.[47][48][49] When the camera takes a 4K video recording, it can use the storage on the phone rapidly. The 16 gigabyte version of the phone was only capable of holding 40 minutes of 4K video (bit rate: 6 MB/s or 48 Mbit/s).[50] Still photos with 6.5 megapixels (3412×1920) can be captured during video recording.[51] StorageThe iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were originally offered in models with 16, 64, and 128 GB (14.9, 59.6 or 119.2 GiB) of internal storage. Following the release of iPhone 7 in September 2016, the 16 and 64 GB models were dropped and replaced by a new 32 GB (29.8 GiB) option.[52] Some of this storage space is used by preinstalled software, resulting in usable storage of 11.5, 27.5, 56.5 and 114 GiB.[53] For improved storage performance, iPhone 6S utilizes NVM Express (NVMe), resulting in a maximum average read speed of 1,840 megabytes per second.[9][54] SoftwareThe iPhone 6S originally shipped with iOS 9; the operating system leverages the 3D Touch hardware to allow recognition of new gestures and commands, including "peeking" at content with a light touch and "popping" it into view by pressing harder,[40] and accessing context menus with links to commonly used functions within apps with harder presses on home screen icons.[40] The camera app's "Retina Flash" feature allows the display's brightness to be used as a makeshift flash on images taken with the front camera, while "Live Photos" captures a short video alongside each photo taken.[32][46] The iPhone 6S, 6S Plus, and first-generation SE support iOS 12, which was first released on September 17, 2018. They also support iOS 13, unveiled on June 3, 2019, and was released to the public on September 19, 2019; as well as iOS 14, unveiled on June 22, 2020 and iOS 15, unveiled on June 7, 2021. These phones support most of the main features of iOS 13, including dark mode. Along with the iPhone SE, the 6S and 6S Plus are the oldest iPhones to support iOS 13, iOS 14 and iOS 15. Nilay Patel of The Verge in 2015 described the 6S, in particular the Plus model, as "right now the best phone on the market. ... There just aren't other companies that can roll out a feature like 3D Touch and make it work in a way that suggests the creation of entirely new interface paradigms, and every other phone maker needs to figure out exactly why Apple's cameras are so consistent before they can really compete."[55] Samuel Gibbs of The Guardian commented that the phone "has the potential to be the best smaller smartphone on the market, but its short battery life is deeply frustrating" and described the camera as "not leagues ahead of the competition anymore".[56] Tom Salinger of The Register praised performance, noting that "we're now using phones with the performance of current PCs", but described 3D Touch as "just a glorified vibrator" and "no good ... you still don't know quite what's going to happen until you try it".[57] Ryan Smith and Joshua Ho of AnandTech awarded the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus its Editors' Choice Gold Award, based largely on the phone's performance and the addition of 3D Touch.[58] SalesOn the Monday following the iPhone 6S's launch weekend, Apple announced that they had sold 13 million models, a record-breaking number that exceeded the 10 million launch sales of the iPhone 6 in 2014.[59][60][61] In the months following the launch, Apple saw its first-ever quarterly year-over-year decline in iPhone sales,[62][63] attributed to a saturated smartphone market in Apple's biggest sales countries and consumers in developing countries not buying iPhones.[64] In November 2016, Apple announced that a "very small number" of iPhone 6S devices manufactured between September and October 2015 have faulty batteries that unexpectedly shut down. While Apple noted that the battery problems were "not a safety issue", it announced a battery replacement program for affected devices. Customers with affected devices, which span "a limited serial number range", were able to check their device's serial number on Apple's website, and, if affected, receive a battery replacement free of charge at Apple Stores or authorized Apple Service Providers.[65][66][67] In December 2016, Apple revealed new details about the issue, stating that the affected devices contained a "battery component that was exposed to controlled ambient air longer than it should have been before being assembled into battery packs".[68][69]
Page 23G is the third generation of wireless mobile telecommunications technology. It was the upgrade over 2G, 2.5G, GPRS and 2.75G EDGE networks, offering faster data transfer, and better voice quality.[1] This network was superseded by 4G, and later on 5G. This network is based on a set of standards used for mobile devices and mobile telecommunications use services and networks that comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union. 3G finds application in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV.[1] PC modem 3G
3G telecommunication networks support services that provide an information transfer rate of at least 144 kbit/s.[2][3][4] Later 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers. This ensures it can be applied to wireless voice calls, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV technologies. A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since 1G systems were introduced in 1979 and the early to mid-1980s. Each generation is characterized by new frequency bands, higher data rates and non–backward-compatible transmission technology. The first commercial 3G networks were introduced in mid-2001.[5][6][7][8] Since the adoption of 4G and 5G networks, various countries have shut down their 3G networks or are in the process of doing so. Several telecommunications companies market wireless mobile Internet services as 3G, indicating that the advertised service is provided over a 3G wireless network. Services advertised as 3G are required to meet IMT-2000 technical standards, including standards for reliability and speed (data transfer rates). To meet the IMT-2000 standards, a system must provide peak data rates of at least 144 kbit/s.[4] However, many services advertised as 3G provide higher speed than the minimum technical requirements for a 3G service.[9] Subsequent 3G releases, denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, provided mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s for smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers.[10] 3G branded standards:
The 3G systems and radio interfaces are based on spread spectrum radio transmission technology. While the GSM EDGE standard ("2.9G"), DECT cordless phones and Mobile WiMAX standards formally also fulfill the IMT-2000 requirements and are approved as 3G standards by ITU, these are typically not branded as 3G and are based on completely different technologies. The common standards complying with the IMT2000/3G standard are:
While DECT cordless phones and Mobile WiMAX standards formally also fulfill the IMT-2000 requirements, they are not usually considered due to their rarity and unsuitability for usage with mobile phones.[11] Break-up of 3G systemsThe 3G (UMTS and CDMA2000) research and development projects started in 1992. In 1999, ITU approved five radio interfaces for IMT-2000 as a part of the ITU-R M.1457 Recommendation; WiMAX was added in 2007.[12] There are evolutionary standards (EDGE and CDMA) that are backward-compatible extensions to pre-existing 2G networks as well as revolutionary standards that require all-new network hardware and frequency allocations. The cell phones use UMTS in combination with 2G GSM standards and bandwidths, but do not support EDGE. The latter group is the UMTS family, which consists of standards developed for IMT-2000, as well as the independently developed standards DECT and WiMAX, which were included because they fit the IMT-2000 definition. While EDGE fulfills the 3G specifications, most GSM/UMTS phones report EDGE ("2.75G") and UMTS ("3G") functionality.[13] 3G technology was the result of research and development work carried out by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in the early 1980s. 3G specifications and standards were developed in fifteen years. The technical specifications were made available to the public under the name IMT-2000. The communication spectrum between 400 MHz to 3 GHz was allocated for 3G. Both the government and communication companies approved the 3G standard. The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in 1998,[14] branded as FOMA. It was first available in May 2001 as a pre-release (test) of W-CDMA technology. The first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001, although it was initially somewhat limited in scope;[15][16] broader availability of the system was delayed by apparent concerns over its reliability.[17] The first European pre-commercial network was an UMTS network on the Isle of Man by Manx Telecom, the operator then-owned by British Telecom, and the first commercial network (also UMTS based W-CDMA) in Europe was opened for business by Telenor in December 2001 with no commercial handsets and thus no paying customers. The first network to go commercially live was by SK Telecom in South Korea on the CDMA-based 1xEV-DO technology in January 2002. By May 2002, the second South Korean 3G network was by KT on EV-DO and thus the South Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G operators. The first commercial United States 3G network was by Monet Mobile Networks, on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology, but the network provider later shut down operations. The second 3G network operator in the USA was Verizon Wireless in July 2002, also on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO. AT&T Mobility was also a true 3G UMTS network, having completed its upgrade of the 3G network to HSUPA. The first commercial United Kingdom 3G network was started by Hutchison Telecom which was originally behind Orange S.A.[18] In 2003, it announced first commercial third generation or 3G mobile phone network in the UK. The first pre-commercial demonstration network in the southern hemisphere was built in Adelaide, South Australia, by m.Net Corporation in February 2002 using UMTS on 2100 MHz. This was a demonstration network for the 2002 IT World Congress. The first commercial 3G network was launched by Hutchison Telecommunications branded as Three or "3" in June 2003.[19] In India, on 11 December 2008, the first 3G mobile and internet services were launched by a state-owned company, Mahanagar Telecom Nigam Limited (MTNL), within the metropolitan cities of Delhi and Mumbai. After MTNL, another state-owned company, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), began deploying the 3G networks country-wide. Emtel launched the first 3G network in Africa.[20] AdoptionJapan was one of the first countries to adopt 3G, the reason being the process of 3G spectrum allocation, which in Japan was awarded without much upfront cost. Frequency spectrum was allocated in the US and Europe based on auctioning, thereby requiring a huge initial investment for any company wishing to provide 3G services. European companies collectively paid over 100 billion dollars in their spectrum auctions.[21] Nepal Telecom adopted 3G Service for the first time in southern Asia. However, its 3G was relatively slow to be adopted in Nepal. In some instances, 3G networks do not use the same radio frequencies as 2G, so mobile operators must build entirely new networks and license entirely new frequencies, especially to achieve high data transmission rates. Other countries' delays were due to the expenses of upgrading transmission hardware, especially for UMTS, whose deployment required the replacement of most broadcast towers. Due to these issues and difficulties with deployment, many carriers could not or delayed the acquisition of these updated capabilities. In December 2007, 190 3G networks were operating in 40 countries and 154 HSDPA networks were operating in 71 countries, according to the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA). In Asia, Europe, Canada, and the US, telecommunication companies use W-CDMA technology with the support of around 100 terminal designs to operate 3G mobile networks. The roll-out of 3G networks was delayed by the enormous costs of additional spectrum licensing fees in some countries. The license fees in some European countries were particularly high, bolstered by government auctions of a limited number of licenses and sealed bid auctions, and initial excitement over 3G's potential. This led to a telecoms crash that ran concurrently with similar crashes in the fibre-optic and dot.com fields. The 3G standard is perhaps well known because of a massive expansion of the mobile communications market post-2G and advances of the consumer mobile phone. An especially notable development during this time is the smartphone (for example, the iPhone, and the Android family), combining the abilities of a PDA with a mobile phone, leading to widespread demand for mobile internet connectivity. 3G has also introduced the term "mobile broadband" because its speed and capability made it a viable alternative for internet browsing, and USB Modems connecting to 3G networks, and now 4G became increasingly common. Market penetrationBy June 2007, the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected of which 10 million were in Nepal and 8.2 million in India. This 200 millionth is only 6.7% of the 3 billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide. (When counting CDMA2000 1x RTT customers—max bitrate 72% of the 200kbit/s which defines 3G—the total size of the nearly-3G subscriber base was 475 million as of June 2007, which was 15.8% of all subscribers worldwide.) In the countries where 3G was launched first – Japan and South Korea – 3G penetration is over 70%.[22] In Europe the leading country[when?] for 3G penetration is Italy with a third of its subscribers migrated to 3G. Other leading countries[when?] for 3G use include Nepal, UK, Austria, Australia and Singapore at the 32% migration level. According to ITU estimates,[23] as of Q4 2012 there were 2096 million active mobile-broadband[vague] subscribers worldwide out of a total of 6835 million subscribers—this is just over 30%. About half the mobile-broadband subscriptions are for subscribers in developed nations, 934 million out of 1600 million total, well over 50%. Note however that there is a distinction between a phone with mobile-broadband connectivity and a smart phone with a large display and so on—although according[24] to the ITU and informatandm.com the USA has 321 million mobile subscriptions, including 256 million that are 3G or 4G, which is both 80% of the subscriber base and 80% of the USA population, according[23] to ComScore just a year earlier in Q4 2011 only about 42% of people surveyed in the USA reported they owned a smart phone. In Japan, 3G penetration was similar at about 81%, but smart phone ownership was lower at about 17%.[23] In China, there were 486.5 million 3G subscribers in June 2014,[25] in a population of 1,385,566,537 (2013 UN estimate). Decline and decommissionsSince the increasing adoption of 4G networks across the globe, 3G use has been in decline. Several operators around the world have already or are in the process of shutting down their 3G networks. In several places, 3G is being shut down while its older predecessor 2G is being kept in operation – Vodafone Europe is doing this, citing that 2G is a useful low-power fall-back.[26] EE have also another that 3G will be phased out in 2023 with the spectrum being used to enhance 5G capacity.[27] In the United States, Verizon was planning to shut down its 3G services at the end of 2020 (later delayed to the end of 2022[28]), while T-Mobile is planning to do so on 1 July 2022, with the networks formerly a part of Sprint shutting down on 31 March 2022. AT&T shut down its 3G networks on 22 February 2022.[29][30] According to Consumer Reports, this shutdown will affect safety features from working on many older cars. Some of these cars can be upgraded, but other vehicles will lose the features permanently.[31] Other older technology, such as alarm systems and some IoT gadgets will be affected as well.[32] Currently the state of 3G across the world is grim. Any technology that depends on 3G for usage will soon become inoperable. The European Union plans to keep its member countries with 2G operating as a fallback, so 3G devices that are backwards compatible with 2G frequencies can continue to be used. But in countries like the United States that aren't aiming to keep 2G around for much longer, devices supporting only 3G and backwards compatible with 2G will soon be out of service.[33] It has been estimated that there are almost 8,000 patents declared essential (FRAND) related to the 483 technical specifications which form the 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards.[34][35] Twelve companies accounted in 2004 for 90% of the patents (Qualcomm, Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, Philips, NTT DoCoMo, Siemens, Mitsubishi, Fujitsu, Hitachi, InterDigital, and Matsushita). Even then, some patents essential to 3G might not have been declared by their patent holders. It is believed that Nortel and Lucent have undisclosed patents essential to these standards.[35] Furthermore, the existing 3G Patent Platform Partnership Patent pool has little impact on FRAND protection because it excludes the four largest patent owners for 3G.[36][37] ITU has not provided a clear[38][vague] definition of the data rate that users can expect from 3G equipment or providers. Thus users sold 3G service may not be able to point to a standard and say that the rates it specifies are not being met. While stating in commentary that "it is expected that IMT-2000 will provide higher transmission rates: a minimum data rate of 2 Mbit/s for stationary or walking users, and 348 kbit/s in a moving vehicle,"[39] the ITU does not actually clearly specify minimum required rates, nor required average rates, nor what modes[clarification needed] of the interfaces qualify as 3G, so various[vague] data rates are sold as '3G' in the market. In a market implementation, 3G downlink data speeds defined by telecom service providers vary depending on the underlying technology deployed; up to 384kbit/s for UMTS (WCDMA), up to 7.2Mbit/sec for HSPA, and a theoretical maximum of 21.1 Mbit/s for HSPA+ and 42.2 Mbit/s for DC-HSPA+ (technically 3.5G, but usually clubbed under the tradename of 3G).[citation needed] Compare data speeds with 3.5G and 4G. Security3G networks offer greater security than their 2G predecessors. By allowing the UE (User Equipment) to authenticate the network it is attaching to, the user can be sure the network is the intended one and not an impersonator. 3G networks use the KASUMI block cipher instead of the older A5/1 stream cipher. However, a number of serious weaknesses in the KASUMI cipher have been identified.[40] In addition to the 3G network infrastructure security, end-to-end security is offered when application frameworks such as IMS are accessed, although this is not strictly a 3G property. Applications of 3GThe bandwidth and location information available to 3G devices gives rise to applications not previously available to mobile phone users. It became possible to conveniently surf the internet on a 3G network on the go with minimum hassle, and do many other tasks previously a slow and difficult hassle on 2G. Medical devices, fire alarms, ankle monitors use this network for accomplishing their designated tasks alongside mobile phone users.[41] This network marked a first for a cellular communications network to be used in such a wide variety of tasks, kick starting the beginning of widespread usage of cellular networks. Both 3GPP and 3GPP2 are working on the extensions to 3G standards that are based on an all-IP network infrastructure and using advanced wireless technologies such as MIMO. These specifications already display features characteristic for IMT-Advanced (4G), the successor of 3G. However, falling short of the bandwidth requirements for 4G (which is 1 Gbit/s for stationary and 100 Mbit/s for mobile operation), these standards are classified as 3.9G or Pre-4G. 3GPP plans to meet the 4G goals with LTE Advanced, whereas Qualcomm has halted UMB development in favour of the LTE family.[42] On 14 December 2009, Telia Sonera announced in an official press release that "We are very proud to be the first operator in the world to offer our customers 4G services."[43] With the launch of their LTE network, initially they are offering pre-4G (or beyond 3G) services in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway.
|
Iphone 6s unterschied zwischen der 32gb und der 64 hb
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 frojeostern Inc.
