WWI vs WWII WWI is also known as the First World War, The Great War, The European War, and The War of the Nations. It was fought primarily in Europe from the year 1914 to the year 1918 and lasted 4 years.  There were two warring groups, the Allied Powers composed of France, Britain, Russia, Japan, Italy, and in the later years, the U.S.; and the Central Powers composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey. It was triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Serbian nationalists. The allies of Austria-Hungary then invaded their enemies and it became one of the two largest wars of the world. It ended with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 wherein Germany took responsibility for the war. It resulted in the separation of Austria-Hungary into several states, and the independence of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Poland from Russia. It also led to the formation of the League of Nations. WWII, on the other hand, was also known as The Second World War and was fought between the years 1939 and 1945. It lasted for six years which resulted in a very high number of casualties for all the nations involved in both civilian and military personnel. The two warring groups were: The Axis powers composed of Germany, Italy, and Japan; and The Allies composed of the U.S., Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and China. It was the most atrocious war with the Nazi’s genocide against the Jewish people. The outcome of WWI and the Versailles Treaty caused bitter feelings among those who were asked to pay for their crimes, especially Germany. Adolf Hitler took advantage of this and led Germany to war. He allied with Italy and Japan to fight against the Soviet Union, and on September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. It started in Europe but soon spread across the globe drawing in the U.S. and other countries. While WWI was fought in the trenches and used machine guns and poisonous gas, WWII was fought using modern artillery and machines utilizing more airplanes, ships, tanks, and submarines. Special operations methods were also developed during this war together with atomic missiles and secret communications. It led to the development of the atomic bomb which was the catalyst in ending the war. WWII ended with the defeat of Germany and Japan. It led to the rise of two new world superpowers, the USA and the Soviet Union. The United Nations was also established after the war in order to promote cooperation among nations and prevent another war. Summary: 1.WWI was fought between 1914 and 1918 while WWII was fought between 1939 and 1945. 2.The two warring groups of WWI were the Allied Powers and the Central Powers while the two warring groups of WWII were The Allies and The Axis powers. 3.WWI was triggered by the assassination of the archduke of Austria-Hungary while WWII was triggered by the bitterness over the outcome of WWI which was used by Adolf Hitler to lead Germany to war. 4.While WWI was fought in the lines of trenches, WWII was fought in a broader scale using modern weapons and methods including the atomic bomb.
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Top Image: Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, US president Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and british Prime Minister Winston Churchill (left to right) at the Teheran Conference, 1943. (Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-32833.) British Prime Minister Winston Churchill once said, “The only thing worse than having allies is not having them.” In World War II, the three great Allied powers—Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union—formed a Grand Alliance that was the key to victory. But the alliance partners did not share common political aims, and did not always agree on how the war should be fought. Churchill and US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt had been working together for some time when the United States entered the war in 1941. Roosevelt believed a British victory over the Axis was in America’s best interests, while Churchill believed such a victory was not possible without American assistance. In 1940, the two leaders worked to find ways for America to help Britain hold on without violating its neutrality. The following year they met off the coast of Newfoundland to begin planning, in sweeping terms, the postwar world. Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin was a late addition to the Big Three. On New Year’s Day 1942, representatives of all three nations signed the United Nations Declaration, pledging to join hands to defeat the Axis powers. The Big Three faced considerable challenges in coordinating their efforts. Thousands of miles separated their capitals, which meant important decisions often had to be made by telephone or telegraph. Although their representatives met frequently during the war, Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill only met twice in person.
Politics and history also made the relationship difficult. Stalin was deeply suspicious, to the point of paranoia, of both Roosevelt and Churchill. He knew his capitalist allies would likely oppose any attempt to expand Soviet influence in eastern Europe when the war ended. Stalin also complained incessantly about the Allied failure to mount a second front in western Europe before June 1944. This front, he said, would reduce pressure on the Soviet Union by forcing Hitler to transfer forces from Russia to meet the Anglo-American invasion. Planning for the postwar era further strained relations between the Allied leaders. By the time the Big Three gathered for the last time at Yalta in February 1945, the Allies were closing in on Germany from both the east and west. Several major questions had to be settled, chief among them the fate of Poland, which was then occupied by Soviet troops that were advancing on Berlin. Stalin demanded that part of Poland be transferred to the Soviet Union and that a Soviet-friendly communist government in the city of Lublin control the remainder of the country. He also insisted that each of the Soviet Union’s satellite republics in eastern Europe receive separate votes in the newly created United Nations, even though these countries were controlled from Moscow. This alarmed Roosevelt and Churchill, but they were powerless to force Stalin to guarantee a democratic and independent Poland. Stalin’s armies already occupied most of the region, and the Western allies could not force them out without fighting the Soviet Union. Furthermore, Roosevelt hoped to have Stalin’s help in finishing off Japan.
The Yalta Conference ended in a compromise. Roosevelt and Churchill agreed to Stalin’s demands regarding Poland and the United Nations. Stalin, in return, agreed to hold elections in Poland so its people could choose their own government. He also agreed to declare war against Japan shortly after the German surrender.
The end of the war marked the end of the Grand Alliance. Roosevelt died in April 1945 and was succeeded by his vice president, Harry S. Truman, a committed anticommunist. Churchill met briefly with Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, but was replaced halfway through it by a newly elected prime minister, Clement Attlee. Ongoing disputes between the Soviets and the democratic allies about how to organize the postwar world eventually killed the alliance. Stalin continued to expand Soviet influence in eastern Europe, while America and Britain were determined to stop him without provoking another war. This tense standoff between the former allies, which became known as the Cold War, would last for decades.
European Theater of Operations From the Collection to the Classroom
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In what other ways were the Great war and World War Two similar name at least two similarities
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