A Peripheral Device is a computer device or part which is connected to the computer with different connection types. A peripheral device is not a core device for a computer which means a computer can work without a peripheral device connected to it. Peripheral devices generally provide extra function and data input and output functionality to the computer systems. Show What Is Not Peripheral Device?Before starting to explain and list peripheral devices providing the non-peripheral devices will be more useful because there are some computer parts that are core and critical for a computer system which is not peripheral device and all other devices are categorized as peripheral devices. CPU is not a peripheral device because a computer system can not work without a CPU. Mainboard is not a peripheral device because the other core computer parts are connected and communicate over a mainboard. Memory is not a peripheral device because the data processed is stored inside memory and without a memory CPU and computer can not work. Storage or Hard Disk Drive is not a peripheral device because the processes data is stored inside the storage or hard disk drive for long term usage. Peripheral Device Types (Internal and External)Peripheral devices can be in different types according to their connection type to the system and data transmission direction. According to connection type peripheral devices a categorized as; Internal Peripheral Devices are generally located inside the computer system case and named internet because of their location. Here are some internal peripheral devices.
LEARN MORE How To Check Linux Disk Space? External Peripheral Devices are located outside of the computer system case or chassis and connected different types of connections and cables.
Peripheral Device Types (Input, Output, and Composite)Peripheral devices can be also categorized according to their data communication direction. They are called Input , Output and Composite . Input Peripheral Device is a device was used to input data into the computer system. Their main purpose is to get different types of input, digitalize it and forward it to the mainboard for processing.
Output Peripheral Devices mainly used to show and output information in different formats like Image, Video, Sound to the system user.
Composite Peripheral Devices can both input and output data. These types of devices generally used to transmit data and act as intermediate hop.
Peripheral Device Connection TypesPeripheral devices are connected to the core computer systems via motherboard via different connection protocols and types. Every connection type has a different cable, plug, and protocol type. Below we will list some popular peripheral connection types. USB is the most popular and easy connection type and protocol for peripheral devices. In today most of the peripheral devices connect with a USB connection because of its plug and play and multiple port availability. LEARN MORE Linux ps Command Tutorial PCI is another popular connection type for peripheral devices. PCI generally used by the internal peripheral devices which require high data transmission bandwidth with reliability like Graphics Cards, Network Interface Cards, Ethernet Cards. SATA is generally used by internet peripheral devices like storage devices, hard disk devices. HDMI is a popular next-generation connection where monitors, displays, and projections are connections. VGA is an old-style graphic display connection type which is the previous version of HDMI and used by monitors, displays, and projections.
The standard for USB version 2.0 was released in April 2000 and serves as an upgrade for USB 1.1. USB 2.0 (High-speed USB) provides additional bandwidth for multimedia and storage applications and has a data transmission speed 40 times faster than USB 1.1. To allow a smooth transition for both consumers and manufacturers, USB 2.0 has full forward and backward compatibility with original USB devices and works with cables and connectors made for original USB, too. Supporting three speed modes (1.5, 12 and 480 megabits per second), USB 2.0 supports low-bandwidth devices such as keyboards and mice, as well as high-bandwidth ones like high-resolution webcams, scanners, printers and high-capacity storage systems. The deployment of USB 2.0 allowed PC industry leaders to forge ahead with the development of PC peripherals to complement existing high-performance PCs. In addition to improving functionality and encouraging innovation, USB 2.0 increases the productivity of user applications and allows the user to run multiple PC applications at once or several high-performance peripherals simultaneously. The USB 3.0 (SuperSpeed USB) standard became official on Nov. 17, 2008 [source: Everything USB]. USB 3.0 boasts speeds 10 times faster than USB 2.0 at 4.8 gigabits per second. It's meant for applications such as transferring high-definition video footage or backing up an entire hard drive to an external drive. As hard drive capacity grows, the need for a high-speed data transfer method also increases. Adoption of the USB 3.0 standard has been slow. Chip manufacturers must design motherboard hardware that supports USB 3.0. Computer owners have the option to purchase cards that they can install in their computers to give USB 3.0 support. But hardware support is just part of the problem -- you also need support from your operating system. Even though Microsoft announced that Windows 7 would eventually support the USB 3.0 standard, the company shipped its operating system without USB 3.0 support. Recent distributions of the Linux operating system support USB 3.0. You might not think data transfer cables create controversy. But some reporters, such as ZDNet writer Adrian Kingsley-Hughes, suggests that one reason USB 3.0 adoption has been slow is because Intel has delayed production on motherboards with USB 3.0 support purposefully to give one of its own products a head start [source: Kingsley-Hughes]. That product is Light Peak, a data transfer technology that has an initial top data transfer speed of 10 gigabits per second with future theoretical speeds reaching 100 gigabits per second. Since Intel is a major manufacturer of chips, only a few computers with motherboards made by other companies currently support USB 3.0. Intel representatives deny such claims. Company executives have said that the Light Peak technology isn't going to replace USB ports and that both Light Peak and USB 3.0 will work together. In the meantime, you can find computers and accessories that incorporate USB 3.0 on the market today. For more information on USB and related topics, check out the links on the next page.
 When the technology just came into existence, only two connector types were detailed in the original specification – standard A and standard B. Now there are many more types of connectors, but the majority of devices and peripherals still do with A-connector and B-connector interfaces. USB A-TypeThe A-type connector has a flattened rectangular interface. It uses flat contacts instead of round pins and holds connection by friction, thus allowing users to connect and disconnect to a device / peripheral easily. The A-type connectors are mostly used on host controllers and hubs. This type of connectors are plugged into a downstream port, i.e. a port that connects to a host device (PC), as opposed to upstream ports where you plug in peripheral devices.The host - be it a controller or hub - provides 5V DC power on a USB pin. You cannot use a cable where both ends are A connectors to connect two hosts. This may damage computers, you will need to check with manufacturer before transferring data over an A-A cable. A-A cables can also be used for connecting USB devices with an A-style female port to a PC or another USB device. USB B-TypeThe B-style connector has a square shape with slightly slanting corners. It also uses friction to hold connection in place. It is usually plugged into an “upstream receptacle” used on peripheral devices. Most of USB applications use a two-connector-type scheme, i.e. A-B cable. USB C-TypeThis is the latest addition to the family of USB connectors. A reversible-plug connector, it can be plugged into any USB-C device using either end. It connects to both hosts and devices; commonly used for pairing with almost all types of USB-connectors, including USB-A, USB-B, USB Micro-B. It is compatible with the following versions of USB technology - USB 1.1, USB 2.0, USB 3.0, USB 3.1 and can be adapted to interact with all legacy connectors. Two USB 3.1 devices connected by a USB C-type cable can exchange data at the speed of 10 Gbps and send upto 100 Watts power to a device. USB C cables support DisplayPort video to send HD video and audio from a source device to a display, and four-channel audio system (left front, left back, right front, right back audio signas). Most popular USB devicesThe number of devices and peripherals that can be connected to your computer via USB cable keeps increasing – there must be millions of them by now. Here we list the most popular ones. CameraThere is hardly any need to describe what a camera is. Perhaps it would be enough to say that ever since digital cameras have replaced film cameras, we use USB cables to transfer pictures and videos from a camera to a PC. There are different cables for transferring high-definition videos and pictures. External driveIt is also called “an external storage device”, i.e. a device for storing data externally. A floppy disk and tape drive are the earliest examples of it.The earliest storage devices were a floppy disk, tape drive, etc. Most of modern external hard drives are attached to a computer through a USB connection. iPodYes, this popular device by Apple also connects to a computer via USB port – fill it in with songs and videos, the device can store up to 10 000 songs. Keyboard & MouseSure, there are wireless keyboards and mice nowadays, but if you type a lot and type fast USB keyboard is what you should look for. Wireless keyboards at times do not react to keystrokes or take some time to react. Also, your old good USB input devices do not need configuration; you can use them immediately after plugging in. MicrophoneApart from recording vocals and instruments, a USB mic is of great help when you are podcasting or giving an interview over Skype. It is a great alternative to high-end studio hardware. PrinterThis is easily the most used computing peripheral device often defined as ‘a device that prints texts or illustrations on paper’, although nowadays you can print not only text and illustrations and not only on paper. There are many types of printers and there are many ways a printer can connect to a computer, the most common being a USB port. JoystickInitially the term was used for the control column of an aircraft. We are talking about a device that helps you control movement of an image on a computer or any other display screen, with push buttons aka switches, etc. And guess what? We usually use USB cables to connect a joystick to a computer. ScannerA device used for optically scanning texts, documents or other objects and converting them into digital data. The most commonly used interface for transferring scans from a device to a computer is a USB interface. SmartphoneA mobile phone that apart from phone’s functionality offers features of other devices such as a camera, media player, etc. It typically uses a USB interface to physically connect to a computer, also there is USB OTG (On The Go) that enables devices to talk to each other without a mediating PC. TabletA portable computer with a touchscreen interface that you can use for viewing presentations, having video-conferences, watching movies, sharing photos, etc. It connects directly to your computer with the help of a USB cable. WebcamsA digital camera connected to your computer that enables you to send live pictures over Internet. Some webcams are wireless, while others are plugged into computers through USB ports. USB 2.0 vs USB 3.0
Mini USB vs. Micro USBIn addition to A-type and B-type USB connectors are categorized into micro and mini. It is possible for a single USB cable to have both connectors. A micro or mini USB cable would have two ends – male and female. The former is the end of a USB cable inserted in MP3 players, cameras and other peripheral devices, the latter is what you see on your computer. Mini USBMini USB, as its name suggests, is smaller than standard USB. You can see it at the end of charger or data cable connected to your camera or mobile phone. Have a look at it and you will see it has five pins, while a standard USB has four of them. The fifth pin is known as ID pin and it is required for upgrading mini USB properties in the future. Mini USB typically either send or receive data, i.e. they work in a single direction. They are also used a charger connector. A normal life cycle is 5 000 connect/disconnect cycles, then the functionality starts deteriorating. Micro USBMicro USB is even thinner than mini USB, it could be a data cable, charger or connector for digital cameras and mobile devices. Compared to mini USB, it has a longer life cycle – up to 10 000 connect/disconnects. They are adopted for female USB ports of cameras and mobiles, have five pins and all of them are in operative mode. That is why micro USB cables can work in smartphones and tablets. The data can travel both ways at the same time. Mini USB compared to micro USBHere is the list of major differences between the two:
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What type of cable connects peripheral devices?
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