Objective
Volcanoes and earthquakes are not randomly distributed around the globe. Instead they tend to occur along limited zones or belts. With the understanding of plate tectonics, scientists recognized that these belts occur along plate boundaries. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the Earth's outer shell (lithosphere) is made up of seven large and many smaller moving plates. As the plates move, their boundaries collide, spread apart or slide past one another, resulting in geological processes such as earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain making. You might want to point out that not all volcanoes occur at plate boundaries. Some occur in the middle of plates in areas known as "hot spots." The Hawaiian Islands are an example of this type of volcano. When comparing their maps, students will notice that volcanoes and earthquakes frequently occur at plate boundaries. Students who are familiar with the theory of plate tectonics might be able to explain the pattern or relationship they observe. Other students can conduct additional research to find information to help them explain their observations. This map shows how some of the world's volcanoes and earthquakes occur along tectonic plate boundaries. Articles
Parfit, Michael. "Living with Natural Hazards." National Geographic (July 1998): 2-39. Web Sites
NOVA Online—Deadly Shadow of Vesuvius
USGS Earthquake Information
Volcano World: Current Volcano Activity The "Where on Earth" activity aligns with the following National Science Education Standards: Grades 5-8
Structure of the Earth System
Earth's history
Grades 9-12
Energy in the earth system
The origin and evolution of the earth system
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5. How do you describe the location of earthquake epicenters, active volcanoes, and moving plates in the Pacific Ring of Fire? A. They are all over the place. B. They are concentrated in one area. C. They are situated in the same location. D. They are strategically plotted in clusters. |