Look at the items below. Do you find anything familiar between these compounds? All these compounds are made up of two different types of elements. Such compounds are known as binary compounds. A binary molecular compound comprises two non-metal atoms that are covalently bound together by sharing electrons. Show WHAT ARE BINARY MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS?
NAMING BINARY MOLECULAR COMPOUNDSStep 1: When both elements in a compound belong to the same period in the periodic table, the element with the lower group number is mentioned first. Step 2: If the elements belong to two separate periods, the element from the longer time will appear first. The elements should be listed in the correct order in the correct formulations. Step 3: Greek prefixes indicate the number of every element in the combination. They're just placed in front of the element’s name they are changing. Step 4: The second element's suffix is removed and replaced with "-ide" SourceEXAMPLES OF BINARY MOLECULAR COMPOUNDSCCl₄ = Carbon tetrachloride N₂O₄ = Dinitrogen tetraoxide BBr₃ = Boron tribromide P₃I = Triphosphorus mono iodide NO = Nitrogen monoxide N₂O = Dinitrogen monoxide S₂Cl₂ = Disulfur dichloride Cl₂O₇ = Dichlorine heptoxide CONCLUSION:
FAQs:1. How do you know if a molecule is binary? To identify a compound, you must first determine what sort of compound it is by looking at its formula. Metal will always be the first element in the formula for a binary ionic compound, whereas a non-metal will always be the second. 2. What is binary in chemistry? As a reaction between two non-metals, binary molecular compounds are created. Despite the absence of ions, these compounds are termed in the same way as binary ionic compounds. 3. Is H₂O a binary molecule? H₂O is an example of binary compounds. Binary compounds are exactly two components; neither more nor less. We hope you enjoyed studying this lesson and learned something cool about Binary Molecular Compounds! Join our Discord community to get any questions you may have answered and to engage with other students just like you! Don't forget to download our app to experience our fun VR classrooms - we promise it makes studying much more fun! 😎 SOURCES
In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Thank you very much for your cooperation. Some families name a son (usually the first born) after his father. So, it is somewhat common to meet a John Smith, Jr. named after John Smith the father. Certain families may name a grandson John Smith III. Countries with long histories of royalty take the naming even further. One line of kings named Henry goes up to Henry the Eighth (not the nicest guy in the world—he had six wives and two of them met untimely ends). The use of numbering for names adds clarity to a system—it's easily discernible which Henry is being spoken of. Inorganic chemical compounds can be broadly classified into two groups: ionic compounds and molecular compounds. The structure of all ionic compounds is an extended three-dimensional array of alternating positive and negative ions. Since ionic compounds do not take the form of individual molecules, they are represented by empirical formulas. Now we will begin to examine the formulas and nomenclature of molecular compounds.
Molecular compounds are inorganic compounds that take the form of discrete molecules. Examples include such familiar substances as water \(\left( \ce{H_2O} \right)\) and carbon dioxide \(\left( \ce{CO_2} \right)\). These compounds are very different from ionic compounds like sodium chloride \(\left( \ce{NaCl} \right)\). Ionic compounds are formed when metal atoms lose one or more of their electrons to nonmetal atoms. The resulting cations and anions are electrostatically attracted to each other. So what holds the atoms of a molecule together? Rather than forming ions, the atoms of a molecule share their valence electrons in such a way that a bond forms between pairs of atoms. In a carbon dioxide molecule, there are two of these bonds, each occurring between the carbon atom and one of the two oxygen atoms. Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\): Carbon dioxide molecules consist of a central carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. (Credit: Ben Mills (Wikimedia: Benjah-bmm27); Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carbon-dioxide-3D-vdW.png; License: Public Domain)Larger molecules can have many, many bonds that serve to keep the molecule together. In a large sample of a given molecular compound, all of the individual molecules are identical.
Recall that a molecular formula shows the number of atoms of each element that a molecule contains. A molecule of water contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, so its formula is \(\ce{H_2O}\). A molecule of octane, which is a component of gasoline, contains 8 atoms of carbon and 18 atoms of hydrogen. The molecular formula of octane is \(\ce{C_8H_{18}}\). Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): Nitrogen dioxide \(\left( \ce{NO_2} \right)\) is a reddish-brown toxic gas that is a prominent air pollutant produced by internal combustion engines. (Credit: User:Greenhorn1/Wikimedia Commons; Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nitrogendioxide.jpg; License: Public Domain)A binary molecular compound is a molecular compound that is composed of two elements. The elements that combine to form binary molecular compounds are both nonmetal atoms. This contrasts with ionic compounds, which are formed from a metal ion and a nonmetal ion. Therefore, binary molecular compounds are different because ionic charges cannot be used to name them or to write their formulas. Another difference is that two nonmetal atoms will frequently combine with one another in a variety of ratios. Consider the elements nitrogen and oxygen. They combine to make several compounds including \(\ce{NO}\), \(\ce{NO_2}\), and \(\ce{N_2O}\). They cannot all be called nitrogen oxide. How would someone know which one you were talking about? Each of the three compounds has very different properties and reactivities. A system to distinguish between compounds such as these is necessary. Prefixes are used in the names of binary molecular compounds to identify the number of atoms of each element. The table below shows the prefixes up to ten.
The rules for using the prefix system of nomenclature of binary compounds can be summarized as follows:
Some examples of molecular compounds are listed in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\).
Notice that the mono- prefix is not used with the nitrogen in the first compound, but is used with the oxygen in both of the first two examples. The \(\ce{S_2Cl_2}\) emphasizes that the formulas for molecular compounds are not reduced to their lowest ratios. The o of the mono- and the a of hepta- are dropped from the name when paired with oxide. Summary
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