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the ties between people, groups, and organizations
a large group of people who live in the same area and participate in a common culture
the study of societies and the social worlds that individuals inhabit within them; study of how we live together
the capacity to think systematically about how things we experience as personal problems
a simplified generalization about a group that is often false or exaggerated. Stereotypes are most often negative, although positive stereotypes can sometimes be found
the social environments, including economic and cultural conditions, that influence people's lives
the social characteristics and group affiliations an individual has
the way people act together, including how they modify and alter their behavior in response to the presence of others; governed by norms
basic rules of society that help us know what is not appropriate to do in any situation
the external forces, most notably social hierarchy, norms, and institutions, that provide the context for the individual and group action
any relationship between individuals or groups that is unequal and provides one person or group with more status and power than another
structured and enduring practices of human life that are built around well established rules and norms or are centered in important organizations like the government, legal courts, churches, schools or the military
a process of economic change characterized by the decline of farming and the growth of factories and large scale goods production
a geographical area with a high population (1,000 people per square mile)
a method of research that integrates ideas, theories, and data from different academic fields
interdisciplinary research
Tam is able to attend a highly competitive college because his parents have enough income to pay the tuition. Lai is only able to attend night classes at a less competitive college because she has to work during the day to pay tuition.
Tam and Lai are experiencing different social contexts
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between individuals and social institutions?
a role is a position within an institution or organization with specific social expectations for how to behave and be treated
Which of the following statements best reflects the relationship between sociology and other social sciences disciplines?
sociology has given birth to a number of other disciplines, including African American studies, gender studies, demography, and criminology
Which of the following best explains the relationship between a sociological imagination and stereotypes?
a sociological imagination challenges stereotypes by raising questions about where they come from
A good sociological question will help a researcher do more than make generalizations about people. What is a good sociological question?
does being born into poverty increase the chances that a person will stay in poverty?
A parent tells a child he is not supposed to eat food off the ground. example of _______.
Family, marriage, education, government, and religion are all examples of _______.
Which of the following questions asks a person to identify his or her social identity?
do you practice a religion, and if so, what religion?
Baby Alyssa is born in a hospital with a lot of resources, staff, and modern equipment. Baby Brandi is born in a hospital with older equipment, few staff, and little resources. What best describes this scenario?
the two babies are born into two different social contexts
How did urbanization lead to the development of sociology?
urbanization caused various social problems, and people wanted to study these patterns
Several major social science groups and associations were first founded in the late 1800's and early 1900's. What does this show?
the rapid industrialization and urbanization of the time resulted in the need to study society and its groups
An example of a stereotype:
most wealthy children are spoiled
definition of the term "institution"
an important practice that society has followed for a long time
A sociological imagination requires that we look at the world around us and _______.
ask deep and meaningful questions
A teen notices that he prefers action movies whereas his sister prefers to watch comedies. What sort of sociological question could be based on this teen's personal experience?
do more men than women prefer action movies?
Which of the statements best reflects the connection between a sociological imagination and effective sociology?
Only when we develop this ability can we start to see a larger trend in the world around us.
Which of the following best describes how people commonly develop stereotypes about a group?
People will develop generalizations about a group based on little to no information.
Sociologists can ask a broad array of questions. What do these questions have in common?
All sociological questions consider how social contexts matter.
Sociologists C. Wright Mills suggested that the sociological imagination is a concept that lets us think systematically about the relationship between the personal and the social. How might you apply your sociological imagination to understand how the personal issue of unemployment is tied to greater social issues in the world?
A person will face unemployment due to the recent recession, which resulted in fewer available job openings for job seekers in their field.
A student notices that his mother tends to clean more around the house than his father. What sort of sociological question could be based on this personal experience?
How much more time do women spend cleaning than men?
The color of our skin, our sex, whether or not we have a physical disability, and our socioeconomic class are all aspects of our ______.
Which of the following statements best reflects the relationship between norms and whether or not the individual "fits into" society?
Norms are the rules about what is and isn't acceptable in our community and must be followed to "fit in."
Jackson joined the Marine Corps. Before going to basic training, Jackson thinks of himself as "American." Upon completing basic training, he says he is "a Marine." What does this change reveal?
how the institutions we are connected to can change our sense of identity
The displacement of many jobs once done in the US now being done by workers in other countries is an example of how _______ shape our understanding and experiences in the world.
social and historical contexts
Edward is introduced to Jessah and intends to kiss Jessah's cheek in greeting. Inadvertently, Edward ends up kissing Jessah's nose. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn based on this scenario?
Edward's mistake was a violation of social norms.
In the 1800's the US went through a period where there was a pronounced growth in factories known as _______.
The field of sociology has spawned other areas of study. Which of the following is an area spawned by sociology?
Relative to its sibling disciplines, sociology _______ draws on interdisciplinary research.
is most likely discipline to
Who coined the term sociology?
Which of the following statements best reflects the relationship between units of analysis and the scientific study of society?
The phenomenon studied has a great impact on the unit of analysis, and access to certain units of analysis may shape research questions.