Most supercomputers use the operating system

If an engineer installed Windows on a supercomputer, he surely wouldn't go back to computing. Supercomputers are computers created for specific purposes and therefore require a custom operating system optimized for this purpose.

For a long time, these high-end teams have been using Unix systems . However, we remember that Unix is ​​closed source code, it has licenses, and its adaptation is very expensive. Linux, on the other hand, is a free open source system with great customization capability.

Thus, since 2018, 100% of the 500 most powerful supercomputers in the world use Linux. Now, which Linux is the most popular on these computers? Of course, they won't have a GUI like we're used to. It can be used remotely, via ultra-secure connections, and by terminal.

The most popular Linux on supercomputers

The operating systems used in these machines are not systems that we will be using in our day to day life. These have been modified and modified to optimize their operation for certain tasks and under certain conditions.

Summit, for example, is the most powerful supercomputer that can be found anywhere in the world. This computer is running Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) , without any particular modification. Of course, it has advanced compilers and advanced math libraries to be able to do its job as efficiently as possible. Sierra is the second most powerful supercomputer. And it also uses Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).

Third, we find Sunway TaihuLight . This supercomputer is physically located in China and to operate it uses its own operating system called " Sunway Raise OS 2.0.5 «. In fourth place is Tianhe-2 to , also located in China. And, oddly enough, as an operating system, it uses Kylin Linux, one of the Ubuntu flavors created in China for users in that country.

Piz Daint ranks fifth as the most powerful supercomputer. It is physically located in Switzerland and as an operating system it uses Cray Linux Environment, better known as UNICOS , a UNIX-like operating system which also includes many BSD functions. Trinity, the sixth most powerful supercomputer, is located in the United States and also uses this same operating system. Titan, the ninth on the list, also from the United States, uses also Cray as the operating system.

AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure ranks 7th on the list of the world's most powerful PCs. It is located in Japan, and little is known about its operating system, except that it is based on Linux. The same happens with Sequoia, in the United States, which occupies the tenth position and the only thing that is known about this system is that it uses Linux, but it is not known what modifications it has.

Finally, the SuperMUC-NG au 8th rank from Germany uses SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3 as operating system .

Other operating systems for supercomputers

As we can see, these computers do not use the same systems that we use on a daily basis. The truth is, that would be foolish and a waste of resources that is totally unacceptable to any nation. However, in addition to the operating systems we have just seen (the most used by the 10 most powerful supercomputers), there are other systems as well.

These are used in some of the 500 most powerful systems in world, depending on the needs and objectives of each supercomputer:

• Catamount - Linux-based operating system based on the early days of SUNMOS, created in 1991.
• Chippewa operating system : Also known as COS, it was used in Control Data Corporation systems. Discontinued.
• CNK: IBM's supercomputers node. It is based on Linux.
• Cray timeshare system : known as CTTS.
• INK: also used by IBM, I / O Node Kernel is based on Linux.
• Lightweight Kernel : it is not an operating system as such, it is a Linux kernel designed for very powerful computers.
• Livermore Time Sharing System : successor of Chippewa, it was also used in the equipment of Control Data Corporation.
• NLTSS: The new time-sharing system Livermore is the successor to the Livermore time-sharing system.
• SUNMOS: Sandia / UNM Operating System, a very lightweight system to dedicate the rest of the team's potential to operations.
• SUPER UX : a version of Unix used in SX supercomputers. Its last version was 5 years ago and it is still supported.

If we want to check out the list of the most powerful supercomputers in the world, here we have the list with the top 500 of the most powerful equipment.

Since June 2018, the American Summit is the world’s most powerful supercomputer, reaching 143.5 petaFLOPS on the LINPACK benchmarks.

What language do supercomputers use?

Most high-level languages that are cur- rently used to program supercomputers can be classified as conventional scientific lan- guages. FORTRAN is the most widely used Page 5 Supercomputer Languages l 9 conventional FORTRAN.

What processors are used in supercomputers?

Supercomputers normally make use of customized compute units (called blades) which usually house multiple nodes (CPUs, GPUs). In the case of the Cray XK6, the most powerful blade in the world, each blade contains four nodes, and each node houses a 16-core AMD Opteron CPU and Nvidia Tesla GPU, and 16 or 32GB of RAM.

Why is Linux used in supercomputers?

No other operating system, specifically Windows gives freedom of customization to this extent. As a consequence Linux can be modified to be used on supercomputers and archive dedicated goals, particularly enhance performance or energy efficiency etc. Today most supercomputers employ a modified Linux kernel.

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How many supercomputers run Linux?

Today, all 500 of the world’s top 500 supercomputers are running Linux. Supercomputing has an undisputed champion: Linux It finally happened.

What is the name of the world’s most powerful supercomputer launched in 2018?

Since June 2018, the American Summit is the world’s most powerful supercomputer, reaching 143.5 petaFLOPS on the LINPACK benchmarks.

What is supercomputer with example?

A supercomputer is a computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers. Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation (or both).

What is the speed of supercomputer?

A supercomputer is about speed. Its processing speed is measured in floating point operations per second (flops), or the number of calculations a supercomputer can perform in a second. For example, ISRO’s SAGA-220 logs in at 220 teraflops — 10 followed by 12 zeroes.

What are the most supercomputers in the world?

The fastest supercomputers in the world

• IBM Summit.
• Sunway TaihuLight.
• IBM Sierra.
• Tianhe-2.
• AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure (ABCI)
• Piz Daint.
• Titan.
• Sequoia.

What is the most powerful computer?

Last week, the US Department of Energy and IBM unveiled Summit, America’s latest supercomputer, which is expected to bring the title of the world’s most powerful computer back to America from China, which currently holds the mantle with its Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer.

Why is Linux used?

Linux makes very efficient use of the system’s resources. Linux runs on a range of hardware, right from supercomputers to watches. You can give new life to your old and slow Windows system by installing a lightweight Linux system, or even run a NAS or media streamer using a particular distribution of Linux.

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What operating system does NASA use?

Linux is the scientific community’s operating system of choice. CERN’s Large Hadron Collider is controlled by Linux. NASA and SpaceX ground stations use Linux.

What computers use Linux operating system?

But before Linux became the platform to run desktops, servers, and embedded systems across the globe, it was (and still is) one of the most reliable, secure, and worry-free operating systems available.

The most popular Linux distributions are:

1. Ubuntu Linux.
2. Linux Mint.
3. Arch Linux.
4. Deepin.
5. Fedora.
6. Debian.
7. openSUSE.

How many supercomputers are there in the world?

How many super computers are in the world, and what are their names? Since 1993, the site top500.org has listed the world’s top 500 supercomputers. It just published its latest list this month, and for the fist time in six years, the US is back in the lead. Six of the top 10 supercomputers are now in the US.

Is Unix a network operating system?

A network operating system (NOS) is a computer operating system that is designed for network use. In particular, UNIX was designed from the beginning to support networking, and all of its descendants (i.e., Unix-like operating systems) including Linux and Mac OSX, feature built-in networking support.

What can you do with a cluster computer?

A computer cluster is a set of loosely or tightly connected computers that work together so that, in many respects, they can be viewed as a single system. Unlike grid computers, computer clusters have each node set to perform the same task, controlled and scheduled by software.

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